Encoding document capture bounds with barcodes

ABSTRACT

A method of encoding indicia for one or more fields and subfields of a document is described. The one or more fields and subfields are encoded in extraction fields of the document with field descriptors. The field descriptors are unique at a parent level for the one or more fields and subfields, and provide information on relationships between the one or more fields and subfields. The field descriptors can include a current level of the field, a field&#39;s count identifier, a total number of fields at the current level, and an indication if the current level has subfields. The field descriptors can be encoded in the extraction field border via an embedded barcode.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to encoding indicia in a field border of a document. More particularly, the present invention relates to encoding a unique indicia, such as a barcode, in a plurality of fields in a document.

BACKGROUND

Generally speaking, it can be useful to encode information in a field border of a document to identify aspects of the information in the field. Moreover, when there are multiple sections of content in the document, it can be useful to define a field for each section of the document and encode each field with a barcode, or equivalent indicia. However, extracting data from multiple fields in a document can be time consuming and lack reliability.

Therefore, a need exists for a method to define and encode multiple fields in a document that provides an efficient and reliable extraction process.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces a method for determining fields and subfields of a document can be based on the content of the document and encoding field descriptors in a field border for one or more fields and subfields of the document.

In an exemplary embodiment, the field descriptors encoded in the one or more fields and subfields are unique at the parent level, and provide information on relationships between the one or more fields and subfields. The field descriptors comprise a field level that defines a hierarchy of levels among the one or more fields and subfields. The field descriptors also comprise a count identifier (ID) that specifies a specific identification to a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field. The field descriptors also comprise a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside a field (Of). Further, the field descriptors comprise an indicator of whether a current field contains any sub-fields. The field descriptors encoded in the one or more fields and subfields further provide information on an existence of additional fields or subfields in the document. Encoding the field descriptors in the field border comprise encoding a barcode in the field border.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces capturing the document; extracting the field descriptors for the one or more fields and subfields of the document; and comparing sets of field descriptors to determine if the one or more fields and subfields are identified. If the one or more fields and subfields are not identified, reject the extraction of the sets of field descriptors for the one or more fields and subfields. As used herein, a captured document is equivalent to a document image containing one or more fields.

In another exemplary embodiment, a method for validating a document comprises generating a document with encoded capture sections, capturing the encoded capture sections of the document, where the sections comprise fields and subfields. Next, processing the captured documents to extract field descriptors of the fields and the subfields, and determining if the field descriptors are valid. If the field descriptors are not valid, the step of capturing the encoded capture sections of the document is repeated. The field descriptors comprise: a current level of the field, a field's count identifier, a total number of fields at the current level, and an indication if the current level has subfields.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method to define, encode and decode multiple fields in a document can comprise: receiving captured documents with embedded barcodes comprising one of more fields, setting a current level of zero for the one or more fields to initiate processing of the one or more fields, finding the one or more fields at the current level based on field descriptors decoded from the embedded barcodes, and determining if the one or more fields at the current level are processed. If the one or more fields at the current level are not processed, and additional fields are present then select a next field in the current level, output a field extent, and determine if the current level comprises subfields. If the current level comprises subfields, increment the current level to field level +1 and limit boundaries. Limiting boundaries means limiting subsequent processing to a region of interest for the one or more subfields. Then, repeat the method of finding the one or more fields at the incremented current level and the determining if the one or more fields at the incremented current level are processed.

If the one or more fields at the current level are processed, and the current level is zero, validate the field descriptors decoded from the embedded barcodes. If the one or more fields at the current level are processed, and the current level is not zero, determine if the one or more fields at a parent level are processed. If the current level does not comprise subfields, repeat the method of the determining if the one or more fields at the current level are processed.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a document comprising multiple fields and subfields, where the one or more fields include an encoded field border of field descriptors.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a method to encode, extract, and validate the extraction of field descriptors of a document having multiple fields and subfields.

FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a method to process a captured document to extract fields and subfields based on a hierarchy of levels defined by the field descriptors of the embedded barcodes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention embraces methods for encoding documents with multiple fields that have field descriptors that identify the one or more fields and subfields. A barcode can be utilized to encode field descriptors in an extraction field border of the one or more fields and subfields.

Encoding page borders or fields with barcodes is a useful method to manage and quickly identify information within a document. The fields are encoded such that document scanner can decode the fields and extract data present within the fields. An outer field can include multiple fields within itself, i.e., subfields, and the information coded in the outer field can be of a particular type, the subfields within the outer field can contain different type of information. The outer field can indicate presence of any subfield within its perimeter.

Basic document capture can capture a copy of a printed document using edge detection. With this method, paper can be laid on a flat surface and scanned by a scanning device. An algorithm implemented in the scanner identifies an edge of a document, and when the image is in focus, the scanner can process aspects of the document and provide such information such as keystone correction, translations, square/rectangular extractions, etc. The result is a data file of aspects of the document in electronic form.

Beyond basic document capture, there are industry demands to capture multiple fields and sub-fields of a document. For example, there are requirements to capture information in different fields (areas) of a document, where the different fields correspond to different information. A barcode which may be embedded in each field can allow identification of the different information.

For example, a doctor's office can desire to capture a field for a home address, a field for terms of service, a field for medical condition, etc. When a barcode is embedded in each field, the scanner can scan one or more fields separately. However, the basic document capture method can be challenged with multiple fields, including one or more subfields embedded a field.

In the present invention, the aforementioned issues can be addressed with the incorporation of field descriptors in the embedded barcode associated with each field or subfield. The information in the field descriptors describes the relationships between the fields and subfields. There can be four field descriptors for each field/subfield. The four field descriptors include a field level, a count identifier, a relationship (Of} indicator, and a sublevel Boolean parameter. These field descriptors are described in subsequent paragraphs.

(1) Field Level—A field level defines a hierarchy of levels among the fields and subfields. A field level specifies how deep into the nested field the current field is located. A field level of 0 is referred herein as “level 0”. A level 0 field is the highest level of the hierarchy and does not have any larger fields surrounding it. A level 1 field is completely surrounded by a level 0 field. A level 2 field is inside of a level 1 field which in turn is inside of a level 0 field. There can be multiple fields at the same level, i.e., per FIG. 1, there are two fields, field 104 and field 108 that are not surrounded by a larger field. Field 104 and 108 are located on document 102. Both field 104 and field 108 are level 0 fields. Level 0 field is the outer most field to be captured. When processing a captured document to extract fields and subfields, the analysis can sequence through the different field levels. The process can begin by setting a current level to zero. In other words, setting a field counter level to a current level of zero. This statement means the analysis begins at a field level of zero, then increments to a subfield with a field level of 1, if the subfield exists.

(2) ID—A count identifier (ID) specifies a specific identification for a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field. Per FIG. 1, field 104 has a level 0 and an ID 1. Field 108 has a Level 0 and an ID 2. Therefore, at the current level (level 0), field 104 has a count identifier (ID) of 1, and field 108 has a count identifier (ID) of 2.

(3) Of—The field descriptor “Of” is a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside a field. The Of field descriptor is used with the ID field descriptor to describe field relationships. For example, per FIG. 1, field 110 comprises a level 1, ID 1, and Of 3. The relationship is disclosed with the statement that the barcode is “ID 1 of 3 at the present level”. Fields 110, 116, and 118 have an Of value of 3 since there are 3 level 1 barcodes included in the level 0 of field 108. Field 110 has an ID 1 of 3, field 116 has an ID 2 of 3, and field 118 has an ID 3 of 3.

(4) Sublevel—Sublevel is a field descriptor of whether the current field contains any sub-fields. This indicator is a Boolean parameter that specifies whether the current field contains any sub-fields. For example, for field 108, its sublevel has a value of “T” meaning that there is at least one subfield. In this case, there are three subfields for field 108: subfield 110, subfield 116, and subfield 118. Subfield 110 also has a subfield value of T because subfield 110 has two subfields associated with it, subfield 112 and subfield 114. Subfield 116 and subfield 118 have subfield values of F because these two fields do not contain any subfields. For sublevels, a “T” is equivalent to a Boolean parameter “True”, and a “F” is equivalent to a Boolean parameter “False”. True means there are subfields located within this field.

In an exemplary embodiment, FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment 100 of a document 102 comprising multiple fields and subfields, where the one or more fields and subfields can include an encoded field border of field descriptors. The field descriptors were previously defined. As illustrated, document 102 has an outer edge 101. Within document 102, there are two fields: field 104 and field 108, and six subfields: subfield 106, subfield 110, subfield 112, subfield 114, subfield 116, and subfield 118.

The field descriptors for field 104 include: level 0; ID 1; Of 2; and sublevel T. “level 0” means field 104 is the highest level of the hierarchy of frames/subfields. “ID 1” is a specific identification to a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field. “Of 2” provides a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside a field. The ID and Of field descriptors are expressed as “ID of Of” to indicate relationships. For example, field 104 is “1 of 2” fields at level 0. “sublevel T” means that the field 104, the current field, contains sub-fields.

The field descriptors for field 108 include: level 0; ID 2; Of 2; and sublevel T. “level 0” means field 108 is the highest level of the hierarchy of frames/subfields. “ID 2” is a specific identification to a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field. “Of 2” provides a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside a field. The ID and Of field descriptors are expressed as “ID of Of” to indicate relationships. For example, field 108 is “2 of 2” fields at level 0. “sublevel T” means that the field 108, the current field, contains sub-fields.

Field 104 and field 108 are at the same level in the hierarchy of fields and sub fields. Field 104 is referred to as the “1 of 2” field and field 108 is referred to as the “2 of 2” field. Both field 104 and field 108 included subfields based on the indicator: Subfields: T. When analyzing the field descriptors for a specific level of the field hierarchy, that level is referred to as the “present level”.

As noted above, field 104 includes subfields. FIG. 1 indicates that a subfield for field 104 is subfield 106, The field descriptors for subfield 106 includes level 1; ID 1; Of 1; and sublevel F. Subfield 106 is at a lower level in the hierarchy of fields, i.e., level 1. With field descriptors of ID 1 and Of 1, subfield 106 is “1 of 1” subfields for field 104. Hence, field 104 has one subfield. Field descriptor “sublevel F” means subfield 106 does not include any subfields.

Relative to field 108, as previously noted, field 108 has a field descriptor of “sublevels: T”, i.e., field 108 includes at least one subfield. Per FIG. 1, field 108 includes subfield 110, subfield 116 and subfield 118.

The field descriptors for subfield 110 include: level 1; ID 1; Of 3; and sublevel T. “level 1” means subfield 110 is a level below the level of field 108. “ID 1” is a specific identification to a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field. “Of 3” provides a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside a field. The ID and Of field descriptors are expressed as “ID of Of” to indicate relationships. For example, subfield 108 is “1 of 3” subfields at level 1. The other two subfields are subfield 116 (level 1, ID 2, Of 3, i.e., 2 of 3 subfields at level 1) and subfield 118 (level 1, ID 3, Of 3, i.e., 3 of 3 subfields at level 1). “sublevel T” means that subfield 110, the current field, contains sub-fields. For both subfield 116 and subfield 118, sublevel F. Thus, neither subfield 116 nor subfield 118 include a sublevel within its borders. See FIG. 1.

As previously noted, subfield 110 contains sub-fields, i.e., subfield 112 and subfield 114. The field descriptors of subfield 112 include: level 2; ID 2; Of 2; sublevel F. “level 2” means subfield 112 is a level below the level of field 110, which has a sublevel of 1. “ID 2” is a specific identification to a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field. “Of 2” provides a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside a field. The ID and Of field descriptors are expressed as “ID of Of” to indicate relationships. For example, subfield 112 is “2 of 2” subfields at level 2. Therefore, there is one other subfield at the level of subfield 112. This other subfield is subfield 114 whose field indicators are: level 2; ID 1; Of 2; and sublevel F. Subfield 114 is “1 of 2” subfields at level 2. Neither subfield 112 nor subfield 114 has subfields within their field borders.

The document capture process can include capturing the entire form using existing document capture technology. Then sending the captured image to a code library to extract the barcodes in captured document, and then capturing sub-images.

FIG. 2 illustrates via flowchart 200 an exemplary embodiment of a method to encode, extract and validate the extraction of field descriptors of a document having multiple fields and subfields. The method comprises the steps of:

Step 202—Generate document with encoded capture sections, including encoding extraction field border in each field and subfield of a document. The extraction field border can comprise indicia such as a barcode that can comprise field descriptors. The field descriptors can include a field level, a count identifier (ID), Of indicator, and a sublevel Boolean parameter.

Step 204—Capture the encoded capture sections of the document, which are the fields and subfields of the document. Step 204 can include capturing the document using existing document capture technology

Step 206—Process the captured document to extract the field descriptors based on the embedded barcodes, or equivalent. The field descriptors can include a field level, a count identifier (ID), an Of indicator, and a sublevel Boolean parameter

Step 208—Determine if the field descriptors pass validation. If the field descriptors pass validation, end the method. If the field descriptors fail validation, revert to step 204 and repeat step 204, step 206 and step 208.

FIG. 3A (flowchart 300) and FIG. 3B (flowchart 350) illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a method to process a captured document to extract fields and subfields based on a hierarchy of levels defined by the field descriptors of the embedded barcodes. The method comprises the steps of:

FIG. 3A, Step 302—Receive the captured document with encoded barcodes.

FIG. 3A, Step 304—Set current level to 0 to initiate processing of the one or more fields. This means setting a field counter level to a current level of zero.

FIG. 3A, Step 306—Find fields at current level based on field descriptors decoded from each of the embedded barcodes. Proceed to “A” on FIG. 3B, Step 310.

FIG. 3B, Step 310—Determine if fields at current level have been processed at the current level? If True, proceed to FIG. 3B, Step 320. If False, proceed to Step 312.

FIG. 3B, Step 320—If the fields at the current level are processed, is current level 0? If True, the method ends. At this point, the field descriptors may be considered validated. If False, proceed to FIG. 3B, Step 322.

FIG. 3B, Step 322—Return to parent level, decrement/set current level to a current level −1 (i.e., minus one) and proceed to repeat Step 310. As an example, field 104 is the parent of subfield 106.

FIG. 3B, Step 312—If there are additional fields present, select next field in the current level.

FIG. 3B, Step 314—Output field extent. The field extent can be a cropped region of the document where the edges of the cropped region can be the located field/subfields. Per FIG. 1, there would be 8 field extents to output, i.e. field/subfields 104, 106, 108, 110,112, 114, 116, 118. These 8 field/subfields are cropped out of the original document, and can be stored a file or to memory etc.

FIG. 3B, Step 316—Does current field have subfields? If False, proceed to Step 310. If True, proceed to “B” of FIG. 3A, Step 308.

FIG. 3A, Step 308—Increment/set current level to field level +1 and limit boundaries. Then proceed to FIG. 3A, Step 306, and repeat Step 306. Limiting boundaries means limiting subsequent processing to a region of interest for the one or more subfields.

Limit boundaries can be similar to the field extent. Basically, when starting at the beginning step, an algorithm implemented in the scanner can be viewing the entire captured document. And in the entire captured document, the algorithm can be viewing the level 0 barcodes. Then once the algorithm locates the level 0 barcodes, the algorithm selects one region, e.g., field 104 from FIG. 1, and then searches for level 1 barcodes. Therefore, the algorithm would limit the search boundary of the level 1 search to the field 104. Otherwise, when searching for level 1 barcodes, the algorithm would also locate the three subfields associated with field 108, i.e. subfields 110, 116, and 118. In other words, limiting the boundaries comprises zooming in the search area to locate the next level of barcodes.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method for processing an encoded document comprises receiving the encoded document with one or more barcodes embedded in a field border for the fields and subfields of the encoded document. The one or more barcodes comprises field descriptors. The fields and subfields are determined based on the content of the document. The method further comprises capturing the one or more barcodes; processing the one or more barcodes to extract field descriptors of the fields and the subfields; and determining if the field descriptors are valid. The field descriptors are unique at the parent level for the one or more fields and subfields, and provide information on relationships between the fields and subfields.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method for processing a document image containing one or more fields can comprise receiving the document image with embedded barcodes containing field descriptors for at least one or the one or more fields; setting a field counter level to a current level of zero; finding at least one of the one or more fields at the current level based on the field descriptors decoded from the embedded barcodes; processing the one or more fields found at the current level; determining if the one or more fields at the current level are processed; if the one or more fields at the current level are not processed and additional fields are present, selecting a next field in the current level, and outputting a field extent;

Next, determining if the current level comprises subfields; if the current level comprises subfields, incrementing the current level by +1 and limiting subsequent processing to a region of interest for the one or more subfields; and repeating the method of finding at least one of the one or more fields at the incremented current level and determining if the one or more fields at the incremented current level are processed.

To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporates entirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patent application publications, and patent applications:

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the invention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. 

1. A method for processing a document image containing one or more fields, the method comprising: receiving the document image with embedded barcodes containing field descriptors for at least one or the one or more fields; setting a field counter level to a current level of zero; finding at least one of the one or more fields at the current level based on the field descriptors decoded from the embedded barcodes; processing the one or more fields found at the current level; determining if the one or more fields at the current level are processed; if the one or more fields at the current level are not processed and additional fields are present, selecting a next field in the current level, and outputting a field extent; determining if the current level comprises subfields; if the current level comprises subfields, incrementing the current level by +1 and limiting subsequent processing to a region of interest for the one or more subfields; and repeating the method of finding at least one of the one or more fields at the incremented current level and determining if the one or more fields at the incremented current level are processed.
 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: if the one or more fields at the current level are processed, and the current level is zero, validating the field descriptors decoded from the embedded barcodes.
 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: if the one or more fields at the current level are processed, and the current level is not zero, returning to a parent level and determining if the one or more fields at the parent level are processed.
 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: if the current level does not comprise subfields, repeating the method of the determining if the one or more fields at the current level are processed.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the field descriptors comprises the field level that defines a hierarchy of levels among fields and subfields.
 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the field descriptors comprises a count identifier (ID) that specifies a specific identification to a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field.
 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the field descriptors comprises a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside the field (Of).
 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the field descriptors comprises an indicator of whether a current field contains any sub-fields.
 9. A method for encoding a document, the method comprising: determining one or more fields and subfields of the document based on content of the document; and encoding field descriptors in a field border for the one or more fields and subfields of the document, wherein, the field descriptors encoded in the one or more fields and subfields are unique at a parent level, and provide information on relationships between the one or more fields and subfields.
 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, the field descriptors comprises a field level that defines a hierarchy of levels among the one or more fields and subfields.
 11. The method according to claim 9, wherein, the field descriptors comprises a count identifier (ID) that specifies a specific identification to a current field as a count of a total number of fields at that level inside a given field.
 12. The method according to claim 9, wherein, the field descriptors comprises a value for a total count of fields at a specific level inside a field (Of).
 13. The method according to claim 9, wherein, the field descriptors comprises an indicator of whether a current field contains any sub-fields.
 14. The method according to claim 9, wherein, the encoding the field descriptors in the field border comprises encoding a barcode in the field border.
 15. The method according to claim 9, wherein, the field descriptors encoded in the one or more fields and subfields further provides information on an existence of additional fields and/or subfields in the document.
 16. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: capturing the document; extracting the field descriptors for the one or more fields and subfields of the document; and comparing the field descriptors to determine if the one or more the fields and subfields are identified.
 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, if the one or more fields and subfields are not identified, rejecting the extraction of the field descriptors for all of the fields and subfields.
 18. A method for processing an encoded document, the method comprising: receiving the encoded document with one or more barcodes embedded in a field border for one or more fields and subfields of the encoded document, wherein, the one or more barcodes contain field descriptors, and wherein, the one or more fields and subfields are determined based on content of the encoded document; capturing the one or more barcodes; processing the one or more barcodes to extract the field descriptors of the fields and the subfields; and determining if the field descriptors are valid, wherein, the field descriptors are unique at a parent level for the one or more fields and subfields, and provide information on relationships between the fields and the subfields.
 19. The method according to claim 18, further comprising: if the field descriptors are not valid, repeating the step of capturing the barcodes of the encoded document.
 20. The method according to claim 18, wherein, the field descriptors comprise: a current level of the field, a count identifier of the field, a total number of fields at the current level, and an indication if the current level has one or more subfields. 